The New Phenomenon of Unknowledge

If we look at photos of RODS, taken at evening or night, we´ll not see the butterflies but their nocturnal neighbors - night-flies or other night isects. If you take photos at night, there are several causes for this "ROD Effect."

For example, if you don´t use the flash because there isn´t total darkness and street lights are on, your camera must operate with a very long exposure, the time the shutter open, and it creates the same effects, just like photographing of the butterflies in daytime.

We have to mention another important point - street lights. Flourescent or "discharge lamps" have a natural stroboscopic effect. This means that their light continually blinks on and off with a frequency rate of 100 "twinkles" per second. Human eyes are hardly able to note these twinkles (oscillations), but the camera can do so.

If you take the photos of moving subjects with this kind of illumination, the effect of RODS will be greater than in daylight. Small, slow flying animals (bats, for example) or insects will be captured and appear like a line and their wings appearing like wavy lines, but more expressive in sections when the twinkle of the light is on their topsides. The quickly flying animal will be "minced" into more of these RODS, which are in one sector (a line of its flight).

If you use the flash, the effect of RODS can arise too, in spite of the fact that the shutter is opened only for very short time. Many modern cameras have the stroboscopic program. If the photographer doesn´t read a manual carefully or makes some mistake, he can unwittingly activate this program, which is designed intentionally to create these effects.

But there is one more way that people take these photos.

Of course, some of the photos of RODS are taken thanks to the mistakes or "unknowledge," but most of them are taken knowingly, because their authors want to be famous and interesting or profit by their sale.

They don´t take these photos accidentally.
Their pictures are only a great humbug!

Epilogue: In all these cases, there isn´t anything unusual on the photos of RODS, they don´t show any ghosts or spiritual powers, only common flying zooids, their wings, their body, their fly.
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